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Working of Transformers

Transformer is an electrical device, which takes electricity from voltage and passes it to another voltage. You can even see transformers at the top of utility poles and changing the voltage in a toy train set.

Fundamentally, a transformer changes electricity from high voltage to low voltage using two main properties of electricity. In an electric circuit, there is magnetism fixed around it. Second, whenever a magnetic field changes by moving a voltage is created. Voltage is a measure of the strength and value of electrons that flows through a wire.

If in case there is one more wire close to an electric current that is changing strength, the current of electricity would also flow into other wire in way of magnetism changes.

Transformer normally takes in electricity at a higher given voltage and allows it run through lots of coils wound around an iron core. As the current is alternating, the magnetism in the core is as well alternating. And around the core is called as an output wire with fewer coils. The magnetism changing back and forth makes necessary current in the wire. Having fewer coils states less voltage, so the voltage is “stepped-down”.

For example let’s take the electricity that comes to your home. When electricity moves from the power plant it is actually put into a high voltage just to travel long distance. The high voltage lines could be as high 155,000 to 760,000 volts for the purpose of traveling many hundreds of miles.

In order to reach your home or your store to use the electricity, it has to be at a lower voltage than the voltage which actually travels. So, the electricity is “stepped-down” to a lower frequency level using a transformer. This lower voltage electricity is inserted into the local electric wires at a substation. The substation breaks the bigger value of power down into smaller pieces at lower voltage level. It is then stepped down again and again.